Heterochromia in Animals
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Heterochromia is an intriguing condition affecting not only humans but various animal species as well, where the individual has two different colored eyes. It results from a surplus or insufficiency of melanin, a pigment that gives color to the eyes, skin, and hair. Here are some facts about animals with heterochromia:
Types of Heterochromia
Complete Heterochromia
Each eye is a different color entirely.
Partial Heterochromia (Sectoral Heterochromia)
Part of one eye has a different color from the rest of the eye.
Common in Certain Breeds
Heterochromia is especially common in some breeds of dogs and cats. For dogs, Siberian Huskies, Australian Shepherds, and Dalmatians are known to often have heterochromia. For cats, it is notably common in Turkish Van, Turkish Angora, and Japanese Bobtail breeds.
Linked to Genetic Factors
While heterochromia can occur due to injury or illness, in most animals, it is genetically inherited. It's not usually linked to any health issues when it's hereditary.
Not Just Limited to Mammals
Although we commonly associate heterochromia with cats and dogs, it can also be found in other animals, including horses, with certain breeds like the Icelandic horse being predisposed. Some birds and reptiles may also have variations in eye color, though these instances may not be as prominently recognized due to the size and variance in common eye coloration in these species.
Aesthetic Appeal
Animals with heterochromia often gain significant attention and admiration for their unique appearance. This characteristic is especially sought after in the pet industry, where unique features can be highly prized.
No Impact on Vision
Generally, heterochromia does not affect an animal's vision. Animals with this condition usually have the same visual capabilities as those without different colored eyes.
Sign of Royalty in Some Cultures
In certain cultures, animals with heterochromia are considered royal or mystical. For example, in Turkey, cats with heterochromia are believed to bring good luck.
Caused by Various Factors
Besides genetic reasons, heterochromia can also be caused by diseases, injuries, or inflammation affecting the eye. In cats, for example, the herpes virus can cause a change in eye color.
Symbolism and Mythology
Animals with heterochromia have been surrounded by folklore and myths in various cultures. They are often seen as magical creatures with the ability to see both the physical and spiritual world.
David Bowie Effect
Although not an animal, the famous musician David Bowie is a well-known case of heterochromia, which has contributed to the fascination and appeal of the condition. This has indirectly increased the allure of heterochromia in animals as well.